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CORE SERVICE OFFERINGS

Chemical Analysis by Spectrometer and Wet Chemistry

TCR has a state-of-the-art chemical analysis laboratory with expert chemists. It has the capability to analyze ferrous and non-ferrous metals, ceramics, glass, refractories, mineral and Ferro alloys in PPB or PPM level or in percentage. TCR’s capabilities include: Wet Chemistry, Optical Emission Spectroscopy(OES), Inductively Coupled Plasma(ICP) Spectrometer, Automatic Combustion based Carbon and Sulfur determinator, Glow Discharge spectrometer for (GDS) chemical depth profiling, and more.

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CHEMICAL

TESTING

An inherent strength of TCR Arabia is the ability to successfully undertake analytical chemistry assignments. The highly qualified analytical chemists are experienced in using the full range of analytical instruments including state-of-the-art Spectrometers and Wet Chemistry laboratory facilities. TCR caters to all analytical requirements for Ferrous, Non-Ferrous Metals, Ceramics, Glass, Refractory, Minerals and Ferro Alloys. The chemical department analyzes samples in all forms including drillings or turnings, solid samples, and liquids.

 

 

The Classical Wet Chemistry (bench chemistry) Department uses Gravimetry (chemical species is determined by weighing) and Titrimetry (involves volume measurement of a liquid reactant) procedures to analyze the chemical composition of materials. It assists in the identification of unknown materials and gaining an understanding of their chemical composition, structure and function. Most classical wet chemical methods can accommodate comparatively small amounts of a sample in diverse shapes or forms. Fully compliant with the environmental standards of India, the wet chemistry department at TCR is highly sought-after by leading companies all over the world, right form trace chemical analysis to very low detection levels. 
 

Chemical Testing

TECHNICAL CAPABILITIES

TCR has an extensive list of accredited testing capabilities

TCR Arabia Material Testing Laboratory provides both analytical and interpretive expertise, including method development, method validation and identification of unknown materials. The lab can successfully meet all challenges, whether it is for PPB or PPM level analysis or in percentage. TCR has the capability to provide results with both, standard specifications and client supplied specifications. It has the expertise to develop customized analytical procedures for analysis of materials and substances for which no protocol is available.

​Chemical Analysis by Classical Wet Method

  1. Ferrous Metals (Including) C, S, P, Mn, Cr, Mo, Ni

  2. Non-Ferrous Refractory, Ceramics, and Minerals, Ferro Alloys (Fe-Mn, Fe-Si, Fe-Mn-Si, Fe-Mg-Si, Low C Fe-Cr, Fe-Mo)

  3. Non-Ferrous Metals (Each Additional Element)

  4. Elements Such As Co, Al, W, Cu, Sn, Ti, Mg, V In Steel

  5. Nitrogen / Boron / Palladium (Each Element)

  6. Purity Of Cu

  7. Purity Of Al, Zn, Pb, Ni, Bi, Cd, Sn, Mg, W, Ti 

  8. Oxygen Analysis and Hydrogen Analysis

 

Chemical Analysis by Spectrometers

  1. EDAX Analysis

  2. Complete Chemical Analysis up to 8 elements

  3. Impurities in PPM Level using AAS or ICP

 

Chemical Analysis by LECO

  1. Oxygen by LECO

  2. Nitrogen by LECO

  3. Hydrogen by LECO

Steel and Cast Iron

  1. Determination Of Any One Element (%C)

  2. Determination Of Any One Element (Mn, Si)

  3. Determination Of Any One Element (Ni, Cr, S, 

  4. Determination Of C, Mn, Si, S, P
    Complete Analysis Of Low Alloy Steel Up To 8 Elements Including C, S, P, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr, Mo

  5. Determination Of Any One Element in Stainless Steel 

  6. Complete Analysis Of Stainless Steel up to 8 Elements

  7. Determination Of High Alloy Element (Cr, Ni, Mn)

  8. Determination Of Some Special Element  (Cu, Ti, Co, V, W, Al) Per Element

  9. Complete Analysis Of High-Speed Steel (8 Elements) Per Element

  10. Determination Of Mo%

  11. Determination Of V%

  12. Nitrogen In Steel

 

Non-Ferrous Material

  1. Copper Base Alloys

  2. Determination Of Any One Element

  3. Complete Analysis Of 6 Elements

  4. Purity Test Of Cu

  5. Purity Test Of Other Non-Ferrous Element 

 

Ferro Alloys

  1. Analysis of Main Element

  2. Each Subsequent Element

Tin, Aluminum, Lead Base

  1. Determination of Any One Element

  2. Complete Analysis of up to 8 Elements

  3. Purity Test

  4. Only Aluminum %

 

Other Tests

  1. pH Value Determination
    Sand Content (as Sio2)

  2. Acid Insoluble
    Sulphates, Chlorides, Silicates, Carbonates, Oxides of Iron Per Element

  3. Elemental analysis – Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, Sodium, Iron Per Element

  4. Moisture Content

  5. Analysis on XRF per element

  6. Ash Content

  7. Material Certification

  8. Unknown Material Identification

  9. Trace Element Analysis

  10. Oil, Powdered Metal, & Chips/Shavings Analysis

  11. Solder Alloys (Tin/Lead)

  12. Quantitative and Semi-Quantitative Analyses

  13. Density of Powdered Metals

  14. Plating and Plating Solution Analysis
    Glass Analysis

  15. On-Site Positive Material Identification (PMI)

  16. Coating Identification

  17. Coating Weights

  18. Particle Size Analyzer

EQUIPMENT

Wet Chemistry

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  1. Microwave Oven System

 

2. Electro Analyzers (4 Nos.)​

 

3. Electronic Balances (3 Nos.)

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4. Vacuum Pump, Muffle Furnaces and Heating Ovens and more.

Spectrometer: 

Atomic Absorption (AA) Graphite Furnace Spectrometer

The sensitivity of GFAA enables performances of elemental analysis that is virtually impossible using other analytical techniques. These are used to determine ppm and sub-ppm levels of residuals in metals. GFAA is also particularly useful for the determination of low boiling point tramp elements in aerospace alloys. This method is particularly pertinent in material analysis for the detection of trace metals.


Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer

ICP is a spectrophotometric method carried out in solutions where high temperature argon plasma is used to reduce matrix effects, giving straight-line calibrations. This enables low sample weights to be analyzed and coupled with its wide calibration range making them the most flexible instruments that are available today with parts per billion detection limits. 


Optical Emission Spectrometer

These instruments enable the rapid quantitative determination of a wide range of alloys including carbon/low alloy steels, stainless steels, cast irons, aluminum alloys, nickel alloys and copper alloys. It entails a relatively simple sample preparation that allows a rapid turnaround of results using this technique.

 

X-Ray Diffraction Spectrometer

X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) investigates the crystalline material structure, including atomic arrangement, crystallite size, and imperfections. The X-rays are generated by a cathode ray tube, filtered to produce monochromatic radiation, collimated to concentrate, and directed toward the sample.
 

Combustion carbon and sulphur determination are accepted as the most accurate methods for determining carbon and sulphur in metal, ore or powder samples. These samples may be in the form of solid material, drillings or powders. This technique is mainly used to complement ICP or OES for a full chemical analysis of metallic samples.
 

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TCR Arabia has a wide range of State-of-the-art equipment that is available for chemical analysis: 

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OIL ANALYSIS FERROGRAPHY

Ferrography or oil analysis, is a series of laboratory tests that determine the condition of used lubricants in equipment components, over a period of time. A trend of Wear Particle distribution and their concentration typically presents the condition of the equipment. It allows organizations to be proactive as it provides them with the opportunity to be prepared for investing in maintenance programs for breakdowns.

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There are six basic Wear Particle types generated through the wear process, which includes metallic particles that comprise of Normal Rubbing Wear, Cutting Wear Particles, Spherical Particles, Severe Sliding Particles, Bearing Wear Particles (Fatigue Spall Particles, Laminar Particles) and Gear Wear (Pitch Line Fatigue Particles, Scuffing or Scoring Particles).  Sand and dirt particles responsible for generating Wear Particles exist in the system too. 
 

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Reduction in Unscheduled Downtime due to Wear of Rotary Components like Bearings and Gears 

Effective Maintenance Scheduling 

Improved Equipment Reliability and Safety 

Reduction in Maintenance Costs 

Maximization of Oil Change-out Intervals that Indirectly Conserves Environmental Cleanliness 

Reduction in Machine Power Consumption Over a Period of Time

Oil Analysis Ferrography

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RoHS Compliance Testing

RoHS Compliance Testing

The RoHS Directive states that certain non-exempt products, as well as electrical and electronic products available in the market within the EU, must contain less than 0.1% lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), and less than 0.01% cadmium (Cd). Product manufacturers including computer hardware, IT equipment, clock radios and toasters could find themselves banned from selling their product in the European market if they fail to comply with the new directives.

 

TCR Arabia has devised testing programs to help clients understand the rigorous RoHS restrictions. TCR has researched complex methodologies required for compliance testing and has acquired specialized equipment to meet client needs. The RoHS Testing Team at TCR has the capability to analyze all restricted substances up to the required limits and they ensure that the products meet all the requirements while retaining full product functionality.

 

  1. Restriction of (certain) Hazardous Substances (RoHS) is a result of Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment (WEEE) Directive, which addresses end-of-life issues on electrical components
     

  2. The WEEE Directive is essentially concerned with the introduction of hazardous materials into the environment, during recycling or disposal

TCR CORE CAPABILITY:

The RoHS Testing Team at TCR analyses concentrations of lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in electrical and electronic components, right up to the required limits, to ensure that all the products meet the requirements while retaining their full functionality. TCR Arabia undertakes RoHS and WEEE-related compliance testing for electronic products and accessories using both:

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Non Destructive RoHS screening (RFA method)

The screening provides indications about the presence of hazardous substances in the product according to RoHS. It is best suited to gain a quick overview of a goods receipt check or in preliminary inspections. Using a custom-tailored portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) spectrometer, the inspection team from TCR can simultaneously screen for all five restricted RoHS elements and chlorine (Cl), in a matter of a few seconds. Using a Portable XRF is non-destructive and an in-situ point-and-shoot screening method for PVC, PE, alloys, metals, solders, ceramics and packaging materials.  

 

Chemical Analysis by ICP (Verification method)
RoHS testing is carried out using an initial screening test by XRF; if high levels of restricted substances are found, additional tests may be performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Spectrometer and wet chemistry. The Chemical Analysis Department at TCR provides all its clients with accurate, precise results that report the total level of RoHS elements and compounds, along with detailed information about their products meeting all RoHS requirements.

Lead Inspection

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Lead Inspection and Detection

The ill-effects of Lead (Pb) consumption is gaining significance all over the world. The Lead inspection service from TCR allows manufacturers of consumer electronics materials, children's toys and jewelry, cooking or edible materials, packaging, and several other materials in India, to create lead-free landfills and clean up hazardous sites. TCR Arabia undertakes the classification of definitive positive/negative results for Pb using portable XRF instruments.

TCR CAPABILITY:

TCR’s XRF instrument can detect the presence of lead in paints & coatings, as well as in oils & liquids. The tests are done in-situ and it can help in establishing area contamination boundaries and depth profiles, including assisting in site investigations, delineation and contamination patterns.

Positive Material Identification (PMI)

TCR Arabia conducts identification of metallic materials, also referred to as Alloy Verification (positive material identification - PMI) all over Saudi Arabia. The aim of the identification of material is to ensure that the nominal material composition that is supplied, complies with purchase order and/or design requirements. TCR can analyze both melt and weld for comprehensive maintenance assessment. 

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TCR Arabia can perform PMI on the following items:

  • Alloy Steel Pipes including clad pipes

  • Alloy Steel Flanges and Forgings

  • Alloy Steel Fittings including clad fittings

  • Alloy Steel Fasteners

  • Alloy cast and forged steel valves

  • Alloy Steel instrumentation items (control valves, safety valves, etc.)

  • Longitudinal values and fitting welds

  • Gaskets (for ring type joints)

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Codes and Standards

  • ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section II, Material specification

  • ASTM E 353, Chemical analysis of stainless, heat resisting, maraging and other similar chromium, nickel – iron alloys

  • ASTM E 354, Chemical analysis of high-temperature, electrical, magnetic and other similar, nickel and cobalt alloys

  • ASTM A 751, Method practices and terminology for chemical analysis of steel products

  • API Recommended Practice 578, Material Verification program for new and existing alloy piping systems

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TCR Arabia provides PMI services to a number of metal producers, foundries, metal fabricators, scrap yards, scrap traders in the industry, electric utility companies, fossil and nuclear power plants, refining and petrochemical industry, construction engineering, and the Chemical process industry.  


The range of equipment available at TCR Arabia for undertaking Positive Material Identification (PMI) is unparalleled in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. TCR’s on-site inspection and the testing team have over 12 highly sophisticated Portable Alloy Analyzer Spectrometers which can in-situ non-destructively and accurately measure the chemical composition of materials. 

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PMI Inspection and Services Team

The TCR Arabia PMI division has expert engineering and inspection personnel to undertake incoming material inspection and provide on-site alloy verification for Quality control and Stock control purposes. TCR Arabia can analyze Melt and Weld and provide a comprehensive Maintenance assessment. Our expert engineers can also provide guidance to clients in the selection of test equipment and forming test standards.

 

Cost

Positive Material Identification Projects are undertaken on a Time and Material or fixed-cost basis based upon the customer's requirement. In most instances we deploy XRF based instruments, however, we can also deploy a portable optical emission spectrometer (Arcmet 8000) which can analyze carbon, sulphur, phosphorus, but is not as portable as XRF instrument. If choosing the portable optical emission spectrometer, the costs will be extra. Our quotation will depend on the quantum of work (number of PMI points to be inspected) and Number of Days employed. Lodging, Boarding and transportation will be extra at actuals. If you have any particular type of job, please let us know and we shall make a specific proposal for you.

​TCR’s Positive Material Identification service is fast becoming an integral part of the safety management process in petroleum refining, petrochemical, and electric power generation industries. TCR has provided PMI services to over 700 projects including major oil and petrochemical installations in India, Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Russia, Dubai, Kuwait, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and other parts of Middle East in addition to serving North America and significant parts of Europe. Some PMI projects were undertaken in conjunction with the third-party inspection of EIL, Lloyds, KTI, TUV, DNV & BARC.

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EQUIPMENT

TCR Arabia's Positive Material Identification service includes experienced on-site inspection and testing team with multiple highly sophisticated handheld / portable X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and portable Optical Emission Spectrometer (OES) spectrometer which can measure the complete chemical composition of the materials, non-destructively and accurately. TCR Arabia has several PMI instruments that can be deployed for an on-site assignment in the oil and petrochemical industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

 

XRF Portable Alloy Analyzer

Our XRF based PMI instruments include InnovX Systems ‘A2000’, Oxford Instruments Xmet 3000T and/or Niton Corporation ‘XLT 898’ Alloy Analyser, XMET 3000TX Portable Alloy Analyzer from Metorex (Finland), Metal Master 2000, Model 898 Alloy Analyzer from NITON and Model XMET3000 from Metorex. These analyzers can analyze alloying elements in Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel or Stainless Steel, Tool Steels, Ni Alloys, Cobalt Alloys and Copper Alloys. The elements that can be analyzed are Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Fe, Ti, Nb, Zn, Cu, Co, W, V, Sn, Pb, Ta, etc. The identification is done on the basis of major alloying elements only and grade of material is reported by our inspection engineer. Please note that this instrument will not analyze elements like C, S, P, Si, Al, B, etc and hence material like 316L and 316 cannot be segregated by these instruments.

 

ARC-MET 8000

MobileLab Portable Spectrometer This portable spectrometer is ideal for PMI and can determine all elements in Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel & Stainless Steel. It can be used to analyze Ferrous and Non Ferrous materials including Nickel, Cobalt Aluminum and Copper base alloys along with Carbon. Low Alloy and Stainless Steels. Separate calibration will be provided for each matrix. Thus this is a very precise instrument and is used in the lab as well as field operations. It uses Argon Gas for Ferrous samples where the determination of elements like C, S, P and Si is essential to determine the exact grade. The test surface requirement, however, is a flat surface of about 20mm dia. It can analyze elements including Fe, C, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo, Ni, Al, Co, Cu, Nb, Ti, V, W, Pb, and Zr.

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Pre-requisites
The metallic surface to be tested shall be free from all extraneous materials such as scale, grease, rust, dirt, etc. which may interfere with the testing. If necessary, light filing shall be done to ensure good surface contact of the electrode of the PMI equipment.

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A wide range of alloys can be analyzed on site using PMI including::

  • Carbon and Low Alloy Steels 

  • Copper Alloys

  • Stainless and High Alloy Steels 

  • Aluminum Alloys

  • Nickel Alloys 

  • Austenitics Duplex and Super

  • Titanium Alloys 

  • Zirconium Alloys

PMI
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